Tendencias epidemiológicas de las infecciones de las vías urinarias. Una realidad actual

William Antonio Lino Villacreses, María del Cisne Luzuriaga Moncada, Mariela Listbeth Cacao Muñiz, Elsa Noralma Lucas Parrales

Resumen


Las infecciones de las vías urinarias (IVU) son una preocupación significativa en salud pública debido a su alta prevalencia y el impacto en la calidad de vida de los afectados. Este artículo de revisión tiene como objetivo examinar las tendencias epidemiológicas actuales de las IVU, analizando datos recientes para identificar patrones, factores de riesgo y cambios en la incidencia, aportando significativamente al proyecto de invetsigación titulado: Infecciones del tracto urinario, factores epidemiológicos y microbiológicos en pacientes ambulatorios del cantón Jipijapa. Se empleó un diseño de revisión bibliográfica sistemática, con inclusión de estudios publicados entre 2018 y 2023 en inglés y español, obtenidos de bases de datos académicas como PubMed, Scopus y Google Scholar. Se utilizaron operadores booleanos y truncamientos para refinar la búsqueda, utilizando términos clave como "urinary tract infections", "epidemiology", y "prevalence". Los resultados muestran un aumento en la incidencia de IVU en ciertas poblaciones, como mujeres jóvenes y ancianos, y una creciente resistencia a los antibióticos entre los patógenos comunes. Estos hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de estrategias de prevención y tratamiento actualizadas. La revisión concluye que es esencial desarrollar intervenciones basadas en los datos epidemiológicos actuales y mejorar la vigilancia para abordar la creciente resistencia a los antibióticos.


Palabras clave


Prevalencia de infecciones; Patógenos urinarios; Salud pública; Complicaciones urinarias.

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v10i3.9219

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