Estrategias Preventivas de Sarcopenia en Pacientes con Cirrosis Hepática

Anthony Elian Aguilar Jaramillo, Douglas Josueph Pacheco Cordova, Marcelo Isaías López Bravo

Resumen


La cirrosis hepática es una enfermedad crónica del hígado que se caracteriza por la formación de tejido cicatricial en el órgano, lo que puede disminuir la función hepática y complicaciones graves, dentro de complicaciones importantes, la sarcopenia es una de las más comunes. Teniendo en cuenta que la sarcopenia se define como una disminución de la fuerza muscular, la masa y la velocidad al caminar, lo que puede conducir a una disminución significativa de la calidad de vida y una reducción de la esperanza de vida saludable, así mismo junto con la fragilidad se asocian significativamente con un mayor riesgo de caídas y fracturas, es por esto que se requieren medidas preventivas.

La sarcopenia causada únicamente por el envejecimiento se clasifica como “primaria” (relacionada con la edad) y la sarcopenia causada por las actividades de la vida diaria, la nutrición y las enfermedades se clasifica como “sarcopenia secundaria”.

La sarcopenia se desarrolla simultáneamente con cambios hormonales (testosterona y hormona del crecimiento) y citocinas inflamatorias implicadas en el metabolismo muscular debido a estas causas, se correlaciona significativamente con el mantenimiento de la fuerza ósea, la masa muscular y la fuerza muscular.

Por tal motivo el objetivo se inclina en describir los factores desencadenantes de sarcopenia en pacientes con cirrosis hepática, mediante la lectura crítica de revistas de alto impacto; para contribuir a la prevención de esta complicación.


Palabras clave


Sarcopenia; prevención; cirrosis hepática.

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v9i7.7911

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