Índice lipídico asociado a hiperglicemia gestacional en pacientes atendidas en el Hospital General de Quevedo. 2023

Cesar Omar Marín-Solorzano, Narcisa Liliana Durán-Ávila

Resumen


Los índices lipídicos han sido reconocidos como potenciales marcadores predictivos de resistencia a la insulina, que es un desencadenante en el desarrollo de diabetes gestacional, que conlleva serias repercusiones en el embarazo. El objetivo fue analizar el índice lipídico asociado a hiperglicemia gestacional en pacientes atendidas en el Hospital General de Quevedo durante el año 2023. Se realizó un estudio observacional, tipo transversal, analítico y retrospectivo. La muestra fue de 250 registros de embarazadas con hiperglucemia, que cumplieron con los criterios de selección. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas (p<0,0001) en el grupo de embarazadas en los índices triglicéridos-glucosa (2,6±0,72 y triglicéridos/colesterol de lipoproteínas de alta densidad (4,2±2,5), no encontrándose diferencias en los índices colesterol total, ni de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad calculados. El rango de concentraciones de glicemia en las gestantes varió de 129 a 148 mg/dL, observándose concentraciones altas (p=0,0012) en el 52,4% de las embarazadas. Se encontró relación estadística entre todos los índices lipídicos con la hiperglicemia en estas pacientes. Se concluye que los índices lipídicos estudiados podrían tener un potencial uso en la valoración del riesgo de aparición de diabetes gestacional, sugiriéndose su validación en estudios longitudinales futuros. Se deben promover estrategias de intervención que contribuyan a la prevención de la hiperglucemia y a la salud materna en el Ecuador.

Palabras clave


Diabetes gestacional; metabolismo lipídico; riesgo metabólico.

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v9i12.9141

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