Estudio de la transferencia de calor en energías renovables: Optimización de paneles solares térmicos y sistemas geotérmicos

Jorge Milton Lara Sinaluisa, Juan Martínez Nogales, Jessica Fernanda Moreno Ayala, Nelly Patricia Perugachi Cahueñas

Resumen


La presente investigación analiza los procesos de transferencia de calor en tecnologías de energía renovable térmica, focalizándose en la eficiencia y optimización de paneles solares térmicos y sistemas geotérmicos. A través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica entre 2021 y 2025, se identificaron mecanismos clave de conducción, convección y radiación, así como sus interacciones en entornos operativos reales. Se destacan avances en el uso de nanofluidos, materiales de cambio de fase y técnicas de simulación térmica que mejoran la eficiencia energética. Asimismo, se examinan configuraciones estructurales, propiedades del terreno e innovaciones en acoplamientos híbridos solar-geotérmicos. Los resultados revelan que los sistemas integrados maximizan el aprovechamiento térmico, reducen pérdidas energéticas y mejoran la sostenibilidad operativa. Se concluye que el diseño optimizado, sustentado en modelos computacionales avanzados y análisis exergéticos, permite desarrollar soluciones energéticas resilientes, sostenibles y adaptables a diversos contextos climáticos y geográficos.


Palabras clave


transferencia de calor; paneles solares térmicos; sistemas geotérmicos; eficiencia térmica; energías renovables; integración híbrida.

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v10i6.9678

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